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Superficies síolo cedit principle
Sita, Martin ; Dvořák, Jan (advisor) ; Elischer, David (referee)
This thesis focuses on the "superficies solo cedit" principle, known since the times of the Ancient Rome and further adopted in civil law codexes, and according to which buildings are considered a part of the land on which they are built. The "superficies solo cedit" now becomes - after more than sixty years - a part of Czech law again thanks to the Section 506 of the NCC. This thesis divided into two main sections. The first section deals with historical aspects of the above principle through a timeline. In this section the Author explores the causes of the above principle in the Roman-law, investigates the regulation contained in the in the Austrian ABGB and looks at the efforts to implement the above principle into Czech private law in the period following the First World War. This section also covers the era following the Second World War when the efforts to implement the above principle came to a halt thank to Communist's successful rise to power and subsequent ideological changes resulting in complete abandonment of the above principle in Czech law. The Civil Code from 1964 for example completely lacked the above principle. This has been changed by the adoption of the New Civil Code 2014 ("NCC") which expressly references itself to the tradition of the Austrian ABGB from 1811. The Second...
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Dadaistic and constructivistic object and its inheritors
Bouchalová, Barbora ; Bláha, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Daniel, Ladislav (referee)
Submitted graduation theses has charakter as a theoretical study, which offers different views of questions of sameness and differences in dadaistic and constructivistic objects and in objects of its inheritors. I have made criterions to observe relation between these objects, criterions are: principle of creation, relation between content, form and matherial.We observe also using movement in object art. We show, that object-art have disturbed the then tradition of plastic art. New approach of matherial, decleration common thing as a part of art open up a lot of questions about function of art. The main aim of these theoretical study was to find out samenesses anddifferences in these objels, show a process of object art.We came to the conslusion that between dadaistic and constructivistic objels are some samenesses (for example discruption of visual art, realiton between system and chance, using movement). Didactical, didactical-visual and visual parts are fasten together with theoretical part. These parts watch on object art in two viewpoint: utilization of common thing as a dadaistic principle, relation between matherial and form as a constructivistic principle
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Liability for the damage caused by a thing
Kozic, Juraj ; Šustek, Petr (advisor) ; Elischer, David (referee)
The primary subject of this rigorous thesis, as its heading suggests, is the issue of civil liability, namely for the damage caused by the act or the use of a thing. The main aim of this rigorous thesis is to provide its readers with the comprehensive interpretation of the tort liabilities contained in the provisions § 2936 up to § 2938 of the New Civil Code in order for them to have a clear idea, on which cases and under what circumstances these tort liabilities shall apply. There are also examined the problematic parts of the above-mentioned legal provisions, respectively the pitfalls that may occur during their interpretation and application. In my opinion the tort liabilities in question are not used in the practice frequently, which shows also the fact that until today new judicature has not been developed to this relatively new legislation. This is despite the fact that these tort liabilities provide considerable potential for the enforcement of the claims in practice. It is then analyzed in detail regarding each of the above-mentioned tort liabilities, whether it is subjective or objective type of liability. From my point of view all these cases are the objective type of liability, in spite of some diverse opinions of legal doctrine. This conclusion also supports an increased interest in the...
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Multivariate generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity models
Nováková, Martina ; Pešta, Michal (advisor) ; Maciak, Matúš (referee)
This master thesis deals with extension of the univariate GARCH model to multivari- ate models. We present individual models and deal with methods of their estimation. Then we describe some statistical tests for diagnosting the models. We have programmed in the statistical software R one of them - the Ling-Li test. Afterwards we apply selected models to real data of stock market index S&P 500, stock market index Russell 2000 and stocks of crude oil. For the GO-GARCH model, we compare all available estimation methods and show their differences. Then we compare the results of all models with each other and also with univariate models in terms of estimates of conditional variances, estimates of conditional correlations and also in terms of computational complexity. 1
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The Concept of a Thing in Czech and Swiss Civil Law
Březina, Jan ; Hendrychová, Michaela (advisor) ; Thöndel, Alexandr (referee)
The Concept of a Thing in Czech and Swiss Civil Law This rigorous thesis deals with the concept of a thing in the legal sense. The central subject of the thesis is thus the term "thing" while the aim of the thesis is to compare the concept of a thing in the legal sense as compassed by Czech and Swiss civil law. Whereas Czech law considers beside tangible objects also intangible objects, i.e. rights and another things with no tangible substance to be a thing (so called broad concept of a thing), Swiss law considers solely tangible objects to be a thing in the legal sense (so called narrow concept of a thing). The thesis analysis both these concepts and then compares them, besides that it deals with some special objects of civil law, i.e. a living animal, controllable natural forces and securities including those in book-entry form. The thesis is divided into three chapters: the first chapter deals with the historical development of the term "thing" since Roman law. Besides all legislations that governed this legal term at the area of the contemporary Czech Republic and Swiss Confederation or its individual cantons, the thesis does not omit the most important drafts of civil law codifications that were not passed like the Helvetian Code or a governmental draft of the Czechoslovak Civil Code from...
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Liability for the damage caused by a thing
Kozic, Juraj ; Šustek, Petr (advisor) ; Elischer, David (referee)
The primary subject of this rigorous thesis, as its heading suggests, is the issue of civil liability, namely for the damage caused by the act or the use of a thing. The main aim of this rigorous thesis is to provide its readers with the comprehensive interpretation of the tort liabilities contained in the provisions § 2936 up to § 2938 of the New Civil Code in order for them to have a clear idea, on which cases and under what circumstances these tort liabilities shall apply. There are also examined the problematic parts of the above-mentioned legal provisions, respectively the pitfalls that may occur during their interpretation and application. In my opinion the tort liabilities in question are not used in the practice frequently, which shows also the fact that until today new judicature has not been developed to this relatively new legislation. This is despite the fact that these tort liabilities provide considerable potential for the enforcement of the claims in practice. It is then analyzed in detail regarding each of the above-mentioned tort liabilities, whether it is subjective or objective type of liability. From my point of view all these cases are the objective type of liability, in spite of some diverse opinions of legal doctrine. This conclusion also supports an increased interest in the...
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Superficies síolo cedit principle
Sita, Martin ; Dvořák, Jan (advisor) ; Elischer, David (referee)
This thesis focuses on the "superficies solo cedit" principle, known since the times of the Ancient Rome and further adopted in civil law codexes, and according to which buildings are considered a part of the land on which they are built. The "superficies solo cedit" now becomes - after more than sixty years - a part of Czech law again thanks to the Section 506 of the NCC. This thesis divided into two main sections. The first section deals with historical aspects of the above principle through a timeline. In this section the Author explores the causes of the above principle in the Roman-law, investigates the regulation contained in the in the Austrian ABGB and looks at the efforts to implement the above principle into Czech private law in the period following the First World War. This section also covers the era following the Second World War when the efforts to implement the above principle came to a halt thank to Communist's successful rise to power and subsequent ideological changes resulting in complete abandonment of the above principle in Czech law. The Civil Code from 1964 for example completely lacked the above principle. This has been changed by the adoption of the New Civil Code 2014 ("NCC") which expressly references itself to the tradition of the Austrian ABGB from 1811. The Second...
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Memory of objects - Referencing the past in art education
Švidroňová, Žaneta ; Špirk, Ivan (advisor) ; Kornatovský, Jiří (referee)
In detaile, this projects focuses on object's far and near past and memories and brings their history into present exposition. Therefor the concept captures a new perception and observation of the importance of art history, using the still life art form and Vanitas theme and objects to symbolize the impermanence and transience time. However the main focus is not only on the objects themselves but also on their environment as a source of inspiration and cultural memory. This approach links the methods of displaying objects in the contemporary art with the current methods in art education. The didactic part reflects the attitude of pupils aged 14-15 to the objects from the distant and recent past and their values. As the result the artworks are a combination of graphic prints with fragments of photographs depicting snatches of memories, which has been moderately used as a hidden layer to properly reflect the author's perspective.
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